All of us must know steel. It’s used by us with your everyday routine. But ever wondered how you can~the way to~tips on how to~the best way to~ways to produce it? And what should it choose to use produce it? Simply the steel is produced in a big factory and it is cooked inside a giant stove called furnace. And the cooking itself takes countless ingredients inside it.

The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods are the two major approaches for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting may be the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition has grown to be increasingly intense, elevating the need for a more efficient melting process. Capacities of the transformers are receiving larger and electric furnaces are increasing larger worldwide. With this manufacturing environment, graphite materials who have durability for larger-power operation are required much more for that use as Graphite Electrode (GE).

GE are produced from carbon. Carbon can be a nonmetal element with the atomic number of 6 as well as the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon will be the base of organic chemistry, closely linked to organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which can be strictly selected.

Graphite carries a higher heat transfer rating, potential to deal with higher temperatures, and it has more strength against thermal shock than many other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability in order to meet what’s needed for any broader variety of dimensions. Thus, graphite will be the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.

GE are often consumed at high temperatures due to reaction with oxygen to get CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (inside the furnace). Utilization of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The rate of sublimation is proportional towards the increase of current density.

Meanwhile, usage of quality GE brings about contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, using the main purpose of recycling steel scraps, help promote reuse of steel products.

Production organization of graphite electrodes could be divided as 10 stages the next:

Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The typical sizes for graphite electrodes are from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from length of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are which range from 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).

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